1 August, 2024, Bengaluru:  The Tata Chancellor’s Professor of Economics at University of California San Diego (UCSD), Prof. Karthik Muralidharan, gave a talk as a guest speaker on “India’s State Capacity: Accelerating Growth, Improving Health and more” at IIMB on Wednesday where he stressed the importance of state capacity for economic growth and effective governance using examples from the health sector. The talk was the part of  ‘Healthcare Economics: Theory and Practice’ course, a Term 4 Elective offered by

IIMB faculty of the Public Policy area, Prof. Allen P Ugargol and Prof. Arnab Mukherji, Chairperson, Post Graduate Programme in Public Policy and Management.

Prof. Arnab Mukherji delivered the welcome address offering an overview of

the session and introduced the guest speaker. While talking about the book, Prof. Mukherji said, “While most other books on related topics talk about why development stagnates, Prof. Karthik Muralidharan’s book gives us a roadmap for development and what it takes for humankind to do better. It talks about actionable ideas and how to move forward.”

Addressing the gathering, Prof. Karthik Muralidharan, said “India is doing reasonably well, now the question is how we can do even better making the country achieve its full potential”, he said, while discussing the crucial role of state capacity and effective governance for economic growth, across multiple sectors and for the entire nation, using examples from the Health sector. He listed the key challenges in the Health and Healthcare sectors in India as asymmetric information between providers and patients; inability of patients to negotiate prices during health emergencies, and behavioral biases away from preventive towards cure, which he said gets reflected in policy, leading to poverty trap.

He focused on improving state capacity with respect to his book ‘Accelerating India’s Development: A State-Led Roadmap for Effective Governance.’ The professor dived into education, child development, farmer welfare, judicial vacancies among other things backed up by data from his studies.

Prof. Muralidharan placed much emphasis on purposeful and data-based actions to address challenges. He also talked about building an effective state through issues such as data measurement; personnel management; public finance; federalism and decentralisation. Other strategies included in this aspect are strengthening state capacity to improve outcomes in diverse sectors. 

The discussion wrapped up with a discussion on the focus on prioritizing preventive public health policies, improving policy effectiveness, and enhancing the quality of public expenditure. Prof. Muralidharan expressed “realistic optimism” that data-driven action would lead to progress.

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Ayusmat 2024 was inaugurated by Prof. Rishikesha T Krishnan, Director, IIM Bangalore; Dr. H Sudarshan Ballal, Chairman, Manipal Health Enterprises Private Limited (MHEPL); and GMHE Program Directors Prof. Haritha Saranga, Chairperson, Sustainability Taskforce and faculty of the Production & Operations Management area of IIMB and Prof. Ashok Thampy, Chairperson of the one-year, full-time MBA for experienced professionals Executive Post Graduate Programme in Management and faculty of the Finance & Accounting area of IIMB.

Welcoming the gathering at the Summit, Prof. Rishikesha T Krishnan, Director, IIM Bangalore said, “In the dynamic healthcare sector, technology and innovative management strategies are essential. There is a growing need to equip professionals with essential skills to navigate complexities. By fostering leadership and embracing disruptive technologies, we aim to bridge healthcare gaps and drive excellence in today’s dynamic landscape.”

The summit hosted engaging keynote addresses and panel discussions, fostering collaborative dialogues on pivotal topics such as leadership challenges in healthcare, enhancing healthcare delivery, technological advancements in the industry, the emergence of healthcare startups, and addressing healthcare needs for underserved populations at the bottom of the pyramid.

The Chief Guest, Dr. H Sudarshan Ballal, Chairman, Manipal Health Enterprises (MHEPL) delivered a key note address on Paradigm shifts in healthcare.  Speaking about digitalising healthcare with affordable accessibility to remote monitoring and ICU services, he said, “Embracing digitization and wellness-focused care, we are preparing for future where quality outcomes and patient experience will be prioritised. From robotic surgeries to telemedicine innovations, integrating technology will help in reducing costs and hospital stays by 30%, while empowering medical professionals to prioritize prevention and early treatment. The future of healthcare is here, and it is transformative.”

Delivering keynote speech on way ahead for digital mission, Mr. Praveen Sharma, Director, National Health Authority, Government of India said, “The Government of India is thriving in the Digital healthcare system, creating an IT infrastructure with Aadhar based KYC. The Ayushman Bharat (AB) scheme has been instrumental in democratizing affordability and accessibility of healthcare services. It has impacted the lives of underprivileged people in rural India by providing major health care services at zero cost. With 32.40 million cardholders, the Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jana Arogya Yojana (AB PM JAY), is the world’s largest health assurance scheme with secondary and tertiary care.”

The summit delved into diverse themes, including the ‘Effectiveness of Virtual and Augmented Reality in Healthcare,’ ‘Small Hospitals, Big Impact: Navigating Feasibility Amid Corporate Giants’, ‘Touch-Trust-Technology’, and ‘ABDM: Its Future Trajectory.’ Panel discussions explored critical topics like ‘Evolving Leadership, Organizations, and Paradigms in Healthcare,’ ‘Delivering Healthcare for the Underserved with Service Excellence,’ ‘Technological Trends and Applications in Healthcare,’ and ‘Innovative Models of Healthcare Financing.

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